{"id":24372,"date":"2026-03-09T18:38:35","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T23:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/?p=24372"},"modified":"2026-04-18T19:02:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T00:02:53","slug":"curvas-parametricas-2d-integrales-sympy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/cv-unidades\/curvas-parametricas-2d-integrales-sympy\/","title":{"rendered":"2.3 Curvas param\u00e9tricas 2D - Integrales con Sympy-Python"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><a href=\"#ejercicio\">Ejercicio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#analitico\">anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#algoritmo\">algoritmo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#grafica\">gr\u00e1fica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ejercicio\">1. Ejercicio - \u00c1rea bajo arco del cicloide<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Referencia<\/strong>: Stewart 14.2 Ejemplo 3 p651<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Encuentre el \u00e1rea bajo uno de los arcos de la cicloide<\/p>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> x = r(\\theta - \\sin(\\theta)) <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> y = r(1 - \\cos(\\theta)) <\/span>\n\n\n\n<p>en el intervalo de un arco <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\"> 0 \\leq \\theta \\leq 2\\pi  <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/files\/2026\/03\/CurvasParametricas01_Areacicloide.gif\" alt=\"Curvas Param\u00e9tricas Area cicloide\" class=\"wp-image-24389\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><a href=\"#ejercicio\">Ejercicio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#analitico\">anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#algoritmo\">algoritmo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#grafica\">gr\u00e1fica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"analitico\">2. Desarrollo Anal\u00edtico<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Como la variable de integraci\u00f3n es diferente a la coordenada de posici\u00f3n x,y, por ser curva param\u00e9trica, se usa la regla de la sustituci\u00f3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> Area = \\int_{0}^{2\\pi}y dx = \\int_{0}^{2\\pi}y \\frac{dx}{dt}dt<\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} r(1 - \\cos(\\theta)) r(1-\\cos(\\theta)) d\\theta <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} r^2 ( 1 - \\cos(\\theta))^2 d\\theta <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = r^2  \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} \\left( 1 - 2\\cos(\\theta) + \\cos ^2 (\\theta)\\right) d\\theta <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = r^2  \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} \\left( 1 - 2\\cos(\\theta) + \\frac{1}{2}(1+\\cos(2\\theta)) \\right) d\\theta <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = r^2  \\left( \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} \\frac{3}{2} d\\theta - \\int_{0}^{2\\pi} 2\\cos(\\theta) d\\theta + \\int_{0}^{2\\pi}\\frac{1}{2}\\cos(2\\theta) d\\theta \\right)  <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = r^2  \\left( \\frac{3}{2} \\theta -  2\\sin (\\theta) + \\frac{1}{4}\\sin(2\\theta)\\right) \\Big|_0^{2\\pi}  <\/span>\n\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\"> = r^2  \\left( \\frac{3}{2} 2\\pi\\right) = 3\\pi r^2  <\/span>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><a href=\"#ejercicio\">Ejercicio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#analitico\">anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#algoritmo\">algoritmo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#grafica\">gr\u00e1fica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"algoritmo\">3. Algoritmo con Sympy de Python<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Curvas param\u00e9tricas, Areas\ndxdt =\nr\u22c5(1 - cos(t))\nydx =\n 2             2\nr \u22c5(1 - cos(t)) \nydx_0 =\n 2    2         2           2\nr \u22c5cos (t) - 2\u22c5r \u22c5cos(t) + r \nI_ydx =\n 2      2 \u239bt   sin(t)\u22c5cos(t)\u239e      2       \nr \u22c5t + r \u22c5\u239c\u2500 + \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u239f - 2\u22c5r \u22c5sin(t)\n          \u239d2         2      \u23a0              \nArea =\n     2\n3\u22c5\u03c0\u22c5r <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code alignwide\"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n# Ejercicio Steward 10.2 Ejemplo3 p651\n# integrales con sympy\nimport numpy as np\nimport sympy as sym\n\n# INGRESO\nt = sym.Symbol('t')\nr = sym.Symbol('r')\nfx = r*(t-sym.sin(t))\nfy = r*(1-sym.cos(t))\n\na = 0 # intervalo entre &#x5B;a,b]\nb = 2*sym.pi\nr0 = 1\n\nmuestras = 9\n\ntitulo = 'Curvas param\u00e9tricas, Areas'\n\n# PROCEDIMIENTO\n# Integrales, formula Sympy\ndxdt = sym.diff(fx,t,1) # dx\/dt\nydx = fy*dxdt # fy*dx dentro de integral\nydx_0 = sym.expand(ydx) # como terminos suma\nI_ydx = sym.integrate(ydx_0,t) # integrado por evaluar\nArea = sym.integrate(ydx_0,(t,a,b)) # integrado con intervalo\n\n# formulas Numpy\nfx = fx.subs(r,r0)\nfy = fy.subs(r,r0)\nfx = sym.lambdify(t,fx)\nfy = sym.lambdify(t,fy)\nb = float(b.subs(sym.pi,np.pi))\n\n# SALIDA\nprint(titulo)\nprint('dxdt','=')\nsym.pprint(dxdt)\nprint('ydx','=')\nsym.pprint(ydx)\nprint('ydx_0','=')\nsym.pprint(ydx_0)\nprint('I_ydx','=')\nsym.pprint(I_ydx)\nprint('Area','=')\nsym.pprint(Area)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><a href=\"#ejercicio\">Ejercicio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#analitico\">anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#algoritmo\">algoritmo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#grafica\">gr\u00e1fica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"grafica\">4. Gr\u00e1fica con Python<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code alignwide\"><pre class=\"brush: python; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n# GRAFICA ---------------------\nimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n# suavizar la curva\nmuestras_graf = 4*muestras\n \ntk = np.linspace(a,b,muestras_graf)\nxk = fx(tk)\nyk = fy(tk)\ndt = tk&#x5B;1]-tk&#x5B;0]\nyk0 = np.zeros(muestras_graf)\n \nplt.plot(xk,yk,label='f(x)') # suave\nplt.fill_between(xk,yk,yk0) # Area\n \n# entorno de grafica\nplt.axhline(0,color='gray')\nplt.axvline(0,color='gray')\nplt.xlabel('x')\nplt.ylabel('y')\nplt.legend()\nplt.title(titulo)\nplt.tight_layout()\nplt.show()\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><a href=\"#ejercicio\">Ejercicio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#analitico\">anal\u00edtico<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#algoritmo\">algoritmo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#grafica\">gr\u00e1fica<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ejercicio anal\u00edtico algoritmo gr\u00e1fica 1. Ejercicio - \u00c1rea bajo arco del cicloide Referencia: Stewart 14.2 Ejemplo 3 p651 Encuentre el \u00e1rea bajo uno de los arcos de la cicloide en el intervalo de un arco Ejercicio anal\u00edtico algoritmo gr\u00e1fica 2. Desarrollo Anal\u00edtico Como la variable de integraci\u00f3n es diferente a la coordenada de posici\u00f3n x,y, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8043,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"wp-custom-template-entrada-fp-unidades","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[238],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cv-unidades"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8043"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24372"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24390,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24372\/revisions\/24390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/algoritmos101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}