{"id":5102,"date":"2018-06-28T15:31:37","date_gmt":"2018-06-28T20:31:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/?p=5102"},"modified":"2018-07-02T12:32:48","modified_gmt":"2018-07-02T17:32:48","slug":"2018-2019-termino-1-e1-tema-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/2018-2019-termino-1-e1-tema-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Tema 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='dropshadowboxes-container ' style='width:auto;'>\r\n                            <div class='dropshadowboxes-drop-shadow dropshadowboxes-rounded-corners dropshadowboxes-inside-and-outside-shadow dropshadowboxes-lifted-bottom-left dropshadowboxes-effect-default' style=' border: 1px solid #dddddd; height:; background-color:#ffffff;    '>\r\n                            Examen | 2018-2019 | T\u00e9rmino 1 | Primera Evaluaci\u00f3n | Tema 1\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">A continuaci\u00f3n se presentan cinco enunciados, cada uno de los cuales tienen cuatro posibles opciones correctas (m\u00e1s de una puede ser correcta en cada caso). Marque, con una <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">X<\/span>, aquella o aquellas opciones correctas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal a.<\/em><\/strong> Dado el sistema de ecuaciones <span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\">\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;1&amp;1\\\\0&amp;a-2&amp;0\\\\0&amp;0&amp;0\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x\\\\y\\\\z\\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\1\\\\b+1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>se cumple que:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">a.1. No es posible hallar valores de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a<\/span>,<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">b<\/span> tales que el sistema tenga soluci\u00f3n \u00fanica.<br \/>\na.2. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a\\in \\mathbb{R}<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">b\\neq-1<\/span> el sistema tiene infinitas soluciones.<br \/>\na.3. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a\\neq 2<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">b\\neq-1<\/span> el sistema tiene infinitas soluciones.<br \/>\na.4. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a\\neq 2<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">b=-1<\/span> el sistema tiene infinitas soluciones.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal b.<\/em><\/strong> Sea <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(V,\\mathbb{K})<\/span> un espacio vectorial sobre un campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span>. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_2<\/span> son subespacios de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces se cumple que:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">b.1. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 \\cap W_2 \\subseteq W_1 \\cup W_2 \\subseteq W_1 + W_2<\/span>.<br \/>\nb.2. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 + W_2<\/span> es un subespacio vectorial de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 \\cup W_2<\/span> siempre es un subespacio de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<br \/>\nb.3. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 + W_2<\/span> es el menor subespacio que contiene a <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 \\cup W_2<\/span>.<br \/>\nb.4. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 \\cap W_2<\/span>, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W_1 + W_2<\/span> son subespacios.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal c.<\/em> <\/strong>Dada la matriz <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\begin{pmatrix}\\begin{array} {rrrr} 2&amp;-4&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\ -1&amp;2&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\ 0&amp;0&amp;1&amp;2 \\end{array}\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>, se cumple que:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">c.1. El vector<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(4,-2,-3)^T<\/span> est\u00e1 en el espacio columna de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B<\/span>.<br \/>\nc.2. La nulidad de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B<\/span> es <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">2<\/span>.<br \/>\nc.3. Todo vector de la forma <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(-2y,y,z)^T<\/span>, con <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">y,z\\in \\mathbb{R}<\/span>, pertenece a la imagen de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B<\/span>.<br \/>\nc.4. El vector<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(4,-2,-3)^T<\/span> est\u00e1 en el n\u00facleo de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal d.<\/em><\/strong> Considerando <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V=\\{(a,b,c,1)^T : a\\in\\mathbb{R^+}\\enspace b,c\\in\\mathbb{R}\\}<\/span> con las operaciones<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\">\\begin{pmatrix}a\\\\b\\\\c\\\\1\\end{pmatrix} \\oplus \\begin{pmatrix}a'\\\\b'\\\\c'\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix}aa'\\\\b+b'+5\\\\c+c'\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span><span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\">\\alpha \\odot \\begin{pmatrix}a\\\\b\\\\c\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix}a^\\alpha\\\\\\alpha b+5\\alpha-5\\\\ \\alpha c\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>se cumple que:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">d.1. Dados <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(a,b,c,1)^T<\/span>, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(a',b',c',1)^T<\/span> en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, se tiene que<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{pmatrix}a\\\\b\\\\c\\\\1\\end{pmatrix} \\oplus \\begin{pmatrix}a'\\\\b'\\\\c'\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span> es un n\u00famero real positivo.<br \/>\nd.2. El elemento neutro para la adici\u00f3n en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> es <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{pmatrix}\\begin{array} {r} 1\\\\-5\\\\0\\\\1 \\end{array} \\end{pmatrix}<\/span>.<br \/>\nd.3. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(a,b,c,d)^T \\in V<\/span>, entonces su elemento opuesto es <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{pmatrix} \\frac{1}{a} \\\\-b-10\\\\c\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>.<br \/>\nd.4. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">2 \\odot \\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\0\\\\3\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix}1\\\\5\\\\6\\\\1\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal e.<\/em><\/strong>  Sea <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(V,\\mathbb{K})<\/span> un espacio vectorial sobre un campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\{v_1,v_2,v_3\\}<\/span> una base para <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces se cumple que:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">e.1. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{v_1,v_2,v_3\\}<\/span> es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<br \/>\ne.2. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{v_1+2v_2\\}<\/span> es es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<br \/>\ne.3. <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">gen\\{v_1,2v_1\\}<\/span> es un subespacio de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<br \/>\ne.4. Existe una base de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> que contiene al conjunto <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{v_1+v_2,v_2+v_3\\}<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A continuaci\u00f3n se presentan cinco enunciados, cada uno de los cuales tienen cuatro posibles opciones correctas (m\u00e1s de una puede ser correcta en cada caso). Marque, con una , aquella o aquellas opciones correctas. Literal a. Dado el sistema de ecuaciones se cumple que: a.1. No es posible hallar valores de , tales que el &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/2018-2019-termino-1-e1-tema-1\/\" class=\"more-link\">Sigue leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tema 1<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":609,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1426166],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-primera-evaluacion-termino-1-2018-2019"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/609"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5102"}],"version-history":[{"count":62,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5222,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5102\/revisions\/5222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}