{"id":5583,"date":"2018-09-14T08:21:26","date_gmt":"2018-09-14T13:21:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/?p=5583"},"modified":"2018-09-14T08:21:26","modified_gmt":"2018-09-14T13:21:26","slug":"2018-2019-termino-1-e3-tema-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/2018-2019-termino-1-e3-tema-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Tema 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='dropshadowboxes-container ' style='width:auto;'>\r\n                            <div class='dropshadowboxes-drop-shadow dropshadowboxes-rounded-corners dropshadowboxes-inside-and-outside-shadow dropshadowboxes-lifted-bottom-left dropshadowboxes-effect-default' style=' border: 1px solid #dddddd; height:; background-color:#ffffff;    '>\r\n                            Examen | 2018-2019 | T\u00e9rmino 1 | Tercera Evaluaci\u00f3n | Tema 1\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">A continuaci\u00f3n se presentan cinco enunciados, a cada uno de los cuales se le han adjuntado cuatro proposiciones, donde al menos una es verdadera. Determine y marque en el c\u00edrculo correspondiente, la o las opciones correctas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal a.<\/em><\/strong> Sean <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W<\/span> espacios vectoriales de dimensi\u00f3n finita, definidos sobre un mismo campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span>. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">T:V\\longrightarrow W<\/span> es una transformaci\u00f3n lineal y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\{ u_1,u_2,...,u_n\\}<\/span> es una base del espacio <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces es cierto que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\" width=\"8%\">a.1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none\" width=\"92%\">T es inyectiva si, y s\u00f3lo si, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">Ker(T)=\\{\\bold{0}_W\\}<\/span> genera a <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">a.2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">T(u_1),T(u_2),...,T(u_n)<\/span> son vectores linealmente independientes en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">a.3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">T<\/span> es sobreyectiva si, y s\u00f3lo si, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ T(u_1),T(u_2),...,T(u_n) \\}<\/span> genera a <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">a.4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">T<\/span> es un isomorfismo si, y s\u00f3lo si, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ T(u_1),T(u_2),...,T(u_n) \\}<\/span> es una base de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">W<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal b.<\/em><\/strong> Sea <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> un espacio vectorial, de dimensi\u00f3n finita, definido sobre un campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span>. Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">S_1<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">S_2<\/span> son subespacios de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces es cierto que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">b.1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">dim(S_1 + S_2)=dim(S_1)+dim(S_2)<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">b.2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">S_1 + S_1^\\perp = \\{\\bold{0}_V\\}<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">b.3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">(S_1^\\perp)^\\perp \\subseteq S_1<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">b.4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">En general, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">S_1 \\cup S_2<\/span> es un subespacio.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal c.<\/em> <\/strong> Dada la representaci\u00f3n matricial de un sistema de ecuaciones, y realizadas las operaciones elementales de filas se obtiene la matriz<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\">\\begin{pmatrix}\\begin{array} {ccc|c} 1&amp;1&amp;a&amp;a \\\\ 0&amp;a-1&amp;1-a&amp;0 \\\\ 0&amp;0&amp;2-a-a^2&amp;1-a^2 \\end{array}\\end{pmatrix}<\/span>entonces es cierto que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">c.1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Ning\u00fan sistema de ecuaciones puede tener esta matriz como representaci\u00f3n matricial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">c.2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a\\neq 1<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a\\neq -2<\/span> el sistema tiene soluci\u00f3n \u00fanica.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">c.3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Para <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a=1<\/span> el sistema tiene infinitas soluciones.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">c.4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Para <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">a=-2<\/span> el sistema no tiene soluci\u00f3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal d.<\/em> <\/strong> Sea <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> un espacio vectorial, de dimensi\u00f3n finita y definido sobre un campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span>, entonces es cierto que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">d.1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\{ v_1,v_2,...,v_n \\}<\/span> es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ v_2,...,v_n \\}<\/span> tambi\u00e9n es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">d.2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\{ v_1,v_2,...,v_n \\}<\/span> es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">w\\in V<\/span> es un vector no nulo, entonces <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{v_1,v_2,...,v_n,w \\}<\/span> tambi\u00e9n es un conjunto linealmente independiente en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">d.3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B_1=\\{ v_1,v_2,...,v_n \\}<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B_2=\\{ u_1,u_2,...,u_n \\}<\/span> son dos bases de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B_1 \\cap B_2<\/span> tambi\u00e9n es una base en <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">d.4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B_1=\\{ v_1,v_2,...,v_n \\}<\/span> es una base de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>, entonces <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ v_1,v_1+v_2,v_1+v_3,...,v_1+v_n \\}<\/span> es tambi\u00e9n una base de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong><em>Literal e.<\/em> <\/strong> Sean <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u_1<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u_2<\/span> dos vectores propios de la matriz <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">A\\in M_n{(\\mathbb{R})}<\/span> asociados al autovalor <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\lambda<\/span>. Es cierto que:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">e.1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u_1-u_2<\/span> es vector propio asociado a <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">A^2-A<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">e.2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u_1+u_2<\/span> es vector propio asociado al valor propio <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\lambda<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">e.3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u_1\\perp u_2<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none;width:8%\">e.4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none;width:92%\">La multiplicidad geom\u00e9trica de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\lambda<\/span> debe ser 2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A continuaci\u00f3n se presentan cinco enunciados, a cada uno de los cuales se le han adjuntado cuatro proposiciones, donde al menos una es verdadera. Determine y marque en el c\u00edrculo correspondiente, la o las opciones correctas. Literal a. Sean y espacios vectoriales de dimensi\u00f3n finita, definidos sobre un mismo campo . Si es una transformaci\u00f3n &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/2018-2019-termino-1-e3-tema-1\/\" class=\"more-link\">Sigue leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tema 1<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":609,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1427521],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-tercera-evaluacion-termino-1-2018-2019","post_format-post-format-image"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5583","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/609"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5583"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5583\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}