{"id":6090,"date":"2019-02-01T11:21:32","date_gmt":"2019-02-01T16:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1003\/?p=6090"},"modified":"2019-02-01T11:21:32","modified_gmt":"2019-02-01T16:21:32","slug":"2018-2019-termino-2-e2-tema-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/2018-2019-termino-2-e2-tema-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Tema 5"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='dropshadowboxes-container ' style='width:auto;'>\r\n                            <div class='dropshadowboxes-drop-shadow dropshadowboxes-rounded-corners dropshadowboxes-inside-and-outside-shadow dropshadowboxes-lifted-bottom-left dropshadowboxes-effect-default' style=' border: 1px solid #dddddd; height:; background-color:#ffffff;    '>\r\n                            Examen | 2018-2019 | T\u00e9rmino 2 | Segunda Evaluaci\u00f3n | Tema 5\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Considere el siguiente teorema: Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">U<\/span> son dos espacios vectoriales sobre un campo <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\mathbb{K}<\/span>, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span> de dimensi\u00f3n finita y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">L:V\\longrightarrow U<\/span> una transformaci\u00f3n lineal, entonces<span class=\"wp-katex-eq katex-display\" data-display=\"true\">Rango\\,(L)+Nulidad\\,(L)=dim\\,(V)<\/span><br \/>\nA continuaci\u00f3n, se presenta un conjunto de pasos que ordenados pertinentemente representan la demostraci\u00f3n de este teorema para el caso en que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">k=Nulidad\\,(L)&lt;dim\\,(V)=n<\/span>. En cada c\u00edrculo en blanco indique el orden que corresponda al paso adjunto para que la demostraci\u00f3n sea expresada de manera correcta.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: none\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\" width=\"8%\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\" width=\"92%\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u\\in Im\\,(L)<\/span>, entonces existe un vector <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">v\\in V<\/span> tal que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">L(v)=u<\/span> y <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">v=\\alpha_1 v_1+\\alpha_2 v_2+...+\\alpha_n v_n<\/span> con <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\alpha_1,\\alpha_2,...,\\alpha_n \\in \\mathbb{K}<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Se obtiene entonces que<br \/>\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">{Rango\\,(L)+Nulidad\\,(L)=(n-k)+k=n=dim\\,(V)}<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Sea <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B_1=\\{v_1,v_2,...,v_k\\}<\/span> una base para el <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">Ker\\,(L)<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">T<\/span> debe ser inyectiva.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Existen entonces <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">c_1,c_2,...,c_k\\in \\mathbb{K}<\/span> tales que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\gamma_{k+1}v_{k+1}+...+\\gamma_{n}v_{n}=c_1 v_1+c_2 v_2 +...+c_k v_k<\/span>, de donde <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">c_1 v_1 + c_2 v_2 +...+c_k v_k -\\gamma_{k+1}v_{k+1}-...-\\gamma_{n}v_{n}=0_V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Se pueden elegir vectores <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">v_{k+1},v_{k+2},...,v_{n}<\/span> tales que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">B=\\{v_1,v_2,...,v_n\\}<\/span> sea una base para <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">V<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Se tiene entonces que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">c_1=c_2=...=c_k=\\gamma_{k+1}=...=\\gamma_n=0<\/span> por lo tanto <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ L(v_{k+1}),...,L(v_n) \\}<\/span> es linealmente independiente y base de <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">Im(L)<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Si <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\gamma_{k+1}L(v_{k+1})+...+\\gamma_{n}L(v_{n})=0_U<\/span> se tiene que <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">L(\\gamma_{k+1}v_{k+1}+...+\\gamma_{n}v_n)=0_U<\/span>, esto es <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\gamma_{k+1}v_{k+1}+...+\\gamma_{n}v_n\\in Ker(L)<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\bigcirc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: justify;border: none\">Luego, <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">u=\\alpha_{k+1}L(v_{k+1})+...+\\alpha_n L(v_n)<\/span>, por lo tanto <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\{ L(v_{k+1}),...,L(v_n) \\}<\/span> genera a <span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">Im(L)<\/span>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Considere el siguiente teorema: Si y son dos espacios vectoriales sobre un campo , de dimensi\u00f3n finita y una transformaci\u00f3n lineal, entonces A continuaci\u00f3n, se presenta un conjunto de pasos que ordenados pertinentemente representan la demostraci\u00f3n de este teorema para el caso en que . En cada c\u00edrculo en blanco indique el orden que corresponda &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/2018-2019-termino-2-e2-tema-5\/\" class=\"more-link\">Sigue leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tema 5<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":609,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1427525],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-segunda-evaluacion-termino-2-2018-2019"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6090","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/609"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6090"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6090\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.espol.edu.ec\/matg1049\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}