Guayaquil – Ubicacion y Geografia
Posted by jgmartin
Guayaquil, oficialmente Santiago de Guayaquil, es la ciudad más poblada de la República del Ecuador. El área urbana de Guayaquil se alinea entre las ciudades más grandes de América Latina. Es además un importante centro de comercio con influencia a nivel regional en el ámbito comercial, de finanzas, cultural, y de entretenimiento. La ciudad es la cabecera cantonal del cantón homónimo y la capital de la provincia del Guayas.
La geografía de Guayaquil está caracterizada por su posición costera en la parte noroccidental de América del Sur, en la región litoral de Ecuador y su ubicación entre el río Guayas y el estero Salado. La geografía de la ciudad, con su cercanía al océano y su condición de puerto, ha contribuido como un importante factor para hacer de Guayaquil la ciudad con mayor densidad poblacional de la República de Ecuador.
La ciudad de Guayaquil está ubicada en la parte noroeste de América del Sur, con pocos elevaciones y alejada de la Cordillera de los Andes. El poco relieve de la ciudad y del cantón está formado por cerros que atraviesan la ciudad y luego se unen a un sistema montañoso menor llamado «Chongón-Colonche» al oeste de la ciudad. La red fluvial del Guayas cerca a Guayaquil por el este, mientras que es atravesada y cercada al oeste por el Estero Salado. Tiene fácil acceso al océano Pacífico por medio del Golfo de Guayaquil.
La ciudad se encuentra situada en la cuenca baja del río Guayas, que nace en las provincias de Pichincha y de Cotopaxi, y desemboca en el Golfo de Guayaquil en el Océano Pacífico. Recibe las aguas de los ríos Daule y Babahoyo. El Daule y sus afluentes bañan las provincias de Manabí, Los Ríos y Guayas. El Babahoyo está formado por el río Yaguachi, y éste por la unión de los ríos Chimbo y Chanchán. Recorre las provincias de Chimborazo, Los Ríos y Guayas. La cuenca del Guayas es la más grande de la vertiente del Pacífico, con 40 000 km² y una extensa área de la costa ecuatoriana bañada por el río del mismo nombre y toda su red de afluentes
os dos más importantes afluentes, el Daule y el Babahoyo, se unen al norte de la ciudad formando un gran caudal que descarga en el Golfo de Guayaquil, que es el principal río y accidente geográfico en la vertiente del Pacífico de toda América, con un promedio anual de 30 000 millones de m³ de agua. Otros ríos son el Tigre, Congo Juján, Pita, Chimbo, Pangor, muchos de los cuales nacen en la cordillera de los Andes.[49]
Frente a la ciudad nace una cordillera costanera, que en tramo de la ciudad se encuentran los cerros de Santa Ana y del Carmen (ubicados prácticamente junto al río), su elevación más alta se da en el sector donde se encuentran las ciudadelas Los Ceibos y se los denomina cerro Azul, en su límite occidental, más adelante este sistema montañoso toma el nombre de Chongón y luego Colonche.
La ciudad es en su mayor parte llana, con elevaciones como el Cerro Santa Ana, en su ladera oriental se encuentra el Barrio Las Peñas, el Cerro del Carmen, contiguo al Santa Ana, donde se encuentra el Monumento del Corazón de Jesús, el Cerro San Eduardo, en la zona noroccidental y más hacia el oeste el Cerro Azul, máxima elevación de la ciudad junto a las ciudadelas Los Ceibos y Los Olivos.
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